開放街圖OSM的公共圖資可以透過overpass-turbo介面查詢獲得。
若想利用Java程式碼查詢,可參考以下查詢範例。
其中,查詢指令可參考overpass-turbo範例指令,測試成功再代入程式。
-
- /*
- QueryOSM.java
- 展示如何用retrofit套件,同步及非同步(適用於Android),存取如下OSM圖資服務
- http://overpass-api.de/api/interpreter?data=xxx
-
- // 建立服務連線客戶端及請求內容
- OverpassService requestClient = OverpassServiceProvider.get();
- String request = composeRequest();
-
- // 非同步查詢圖資,適用於手機平板Android平台
- asyncRequest(requestClient, request);
-
- // 同步查詢圖資,適用於桌機Application應用
- OverpassQueryResult result = syncRequest(requestClient, request);
- postProcess(result);
-
- 執行步驟:
- javac QueryOSM.java
- java QueryOSM
- run:
- [out:json][timeout:25];
- (
- node[tourism](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- relation[!highway][type!='route'][!boundary](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- );
- out center;
- end of asyncRequest()
- 21 elements...
- 1. id:4326372453, type:node, lat:25.1761808, lon:121.4490491, name:五虎碑, wheelchair:limited
- 2. id:4384988658, type:node, lat:25.1750071, lon:121.4522078, name:文錙藝術中心, wheelchair:yes
- 3. id:4492221396, type:node, lat:25.1736267, lon:121.4473809, name:三化牆
- 4. id:4492221397, type:node, lat:25.1744069, lon:121.4474037, name:地球村雕像, wheelchair:limited
- 5. id:4492221399, type:node, lat:25.1735175, lon:121.4484658, name:淡江大學花牆
- 6. id:4492221425, type:node, lat:25.1749949, lon:121.450678, name:閱讀的少女, wheelchair:yes
- 7. id:4502075211, type:node, lat:25.1751384, lon:121.4523232, name:旅者
- 8. id:4502075212, type:node, lat:25.1739938, lon:121.4505047, name:李雙澤紀念碑, wheelchair:yes
- 9. id:4502075213, type:node, lat:25.1761919, lon:121.4499374, name:福園金鷹銅雕, wheelchair:no
- 10. id:4502075222, type:node, lat:25.1738907, lon:121.4475716, name:驚聲銅像, wheelchair:limited
- 11. id:4507662408, type:node, lat:25.1741082, lon:121.4474671, name:溫馨, wheelchair:yes
- 12. id:5012978611, type:node, lat:25.1741784, lon:121.4507282, name:黃河母親, wheelchair:no
- 13. id:5072580167, type:node, lat:25.1769149, lon:121.4495309
- 14. id:5130535622, type:node, lat:25.1757202, lon:121.4496844, name:會文館, wheelchair:yes
- 15. id:5132288341, type:node, lat:25.1741586, lon:121.4508061
- 16. id:5132288342, type:node, lat:25.174208, lon:121.4475417
- 17. id:6050843218, type:node, lat:25.1770813, lon:121.449821
- 18. id:8991981256, type:node, lat:25.1750049, lon:121.4480033, name:淡江願景牆, wheelchair:yes
- 19. id:3974590, type:relation, lat:0.0, lon:0.0, type:multipolygon, name:操場
- 20. id:3983402, type:relation, lat:0.0, lon:0.0, type:multipolygon, name:松濤廣場
- 21. id:7530081, type:relation, lat:0.0, lon:0.0, type:multipolygon
-
- Response{protocol=http/1.1, code=200, message=OK, url=http://overpass-api.de/api/interpreter?data=%5Bout%3Ajson%5D%5Btimeout%3A25%5D%3B%0A%28%0Anode%5Btourism%5D%2825.1735%2C%20121.446%2C%2025.1775%2C%20121.455%29%3B%0Arelation%5B%21highway%5D%5Btype%21%3D%27route%27%5D%5B%21boundary%5D%2825.1735%2C%20121.446%2C%2025.1775%2C%20121.455%29%3B%0A%29%3B%0Aout%20center%3B}
- end of syncRequest()
- 21 elements...
- 1. id:4326372453, type:node, lat:25.1761808, lon:121.4490491, name:五虎碑, wheelchair:limited
- 2. id:4384988658, type:node, lat:25.1750071, lon:121.4522078, name:文錙藝術中心, wheelchair:yes
- 3. id:4492221396, type:node, lat:25.1736267, lon:121.4473809, name:三化牆
- 4. id:4492221397, type:node, lat:25.1744069, lon:121.4474037, name:地球村雕像, wheelchair:limited
- 5. id:4492221399, type:node, lat:25.1735175, lon:121.4484658, name:淡江大學花牆
- 6. id:4492221425, type:node, lat:25.1749949, lon:121.450678, name:閱讀的少女, wheelchair:yes
- 7. id:4502075211, type:node, lat:25.1751384, lon:121.4523232, name:旅者
- 8. id:4502075212, type:node, lat:25.1739938, lon:121.4505047, name:李雙澤紀念碑, wheelchair:yes
- 9. id:4502075213, type:node, lat:25.1761919, lon:121.4499374, name:福園金鷹銅雕, wheelchair:no
- 10. id:4502075222, type:node, lat:25.1738907, lon:121.4475716, name:驚聲銅像, wheelchair:limited
- 11. id:4507662408, type:node, lat:25.1741082, lon:121.4474671, name:溫馨, wheelchair:yes
- 12. id:5012978611, type:node, lat:25.1741784, lon:121.4507282, name:黃河母親, wheelchair:no
- 13. id:5072580167, type:node, lat:25.1769149, lon:121.4495309
- 14. id:5130535622, type:node, lat:25.1757202, lon:121.4496844, name:會文館, wheelchair:yes
- 15. id:5132288341, type:node, lat:25.1741586, lon:121.4508061
- 16. id:5132288342, type:node, lat:25.174208, lon:121.4475417
- 17. id:6050843218, type:node, lat:25.1770813, lon:121.449821
- 18. id:8991981256, type:node, lat:25.1750049, lon:121.4480033, name:淡江願景牆, wheelchair:yes
- 19. id:3974590, type:relation, lat:0.0, lon:0.0, type:multipolygon, name:操場
- 20. id:3983402, type:relation, lat:0.0, lon:0.0, type:multipolygon, name:松濤廣場
- 21. id:7530081, type:relation, lat:0.0, lon:0.0, type:multipolygon
-
- end of main()
- BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 1 minute 2 seconds)
-
- 參考:
- a. Retrofit 2 – Synchronous and asynchronous call example
- https://howtodoinjava.com/retrofit2/retrofit-sync-async-calls/
- b. https://github.com/zsoltk/overpasser
- hu.supercluster.overpasser.adapter
- OverpassQueryResult
- OverpassQueryResult.Element
- OverpassQueryResult.Element.Tags
- OverpassService
- c. 引用函數庫
- compile/run:
- okhttp-3.14.9.jar
- okio-1.17.2.jar
- converter-gson-2.10.2.jar
- gson-2.8.5.jar
- retrofit-2.10.2.jar
- compile/run tests:
- byte-buddy-1.11.3.jar
- byte-buddy-agent-1.11.3.jar
- mockito-core-3.11.2.jar
- objenesis-3.2.jar
- */
- import com.google.gson.Gson;
- import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
-
- import retrofit2.Call;
- import retrofit2.Callback;
- import retrofit2.Response;
- import retrofit2.Retrofit;
- import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;
-
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.library.output.OutputFormat;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.library.output.OutputModificator;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.library.output.OutputOrder;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.library.output.OutputVerbosity;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.library.query.OverpassQuery;
-
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.adapter.OverpassQueryResult;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.adapter.OverpassQueryResult.Element;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.adapter.OverpassQueryResult.Element.Tags;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.adapter.OverpassService;
- import hu.supercluster.overpasser.adapter.OverpassServiceProvider;
-
- import java.lang.reflect.Field;
- import java.util.List;
- /**
- *
- * @author seke
- */
-
- public class QueryOSM {
-
- // 可利用下址測試查詢指令
- // http://overpass-turbo.eu/
- public static String composeRequest()
- {
- /* 查詢範例1:
- 在(47.48047027491862,19.039797484874725,47.51331674014172,19.07404761761427)範圍內
- 列出所有非私人停車場
-
- A. 查詢指令
- ["out":"json"]["timeout":"30"];
- (
- node
- ["amenity"="parking"]
- ["access"!="private"]
- (47.48047027491862,19.039797484874725,47.51331674014172,19.07404761761427);
- <;
- );
- out body center qt 100;
-
- B. 組合查詢指令方法
- String query = new OverpassQuery()
- .format(OutputFormat.JSON)
- .timeout(30)
- .filterQuery()
- .node()
- .amenity("parking")
- .tagNot("access", "private")
- .boundingBox(
- 47.48047027491862, 19.039797484874725,
- 47.51331674014172, 19.07404761761427
- )
- .end()
- .output(OutputVerbosity.BODY, OutputModificator.CENTER, OutputOrder.QT, 100)
- .build()
- ;
- */
-
- /* 查詢範例2:
- 在(25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455)範圍內,撈取
- 非座椅設施,商店,觀光點,辦公室,繄急設施之節點
- 屬於大學設施之線條,關係
- 不屬於公路、路線、森林、邊界之線條,關係
- 列出其中心位置及相關屬性(標籤)
-
- A. 查詢指令
- [out:json][timeout:25];
- // gather results
- (
- node[amenity][amenity!=bench](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- node[shop](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- node[tourism](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- node[office](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- node[emergency](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- //way[amenity="university"](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- relation[amenity="university"](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- way[!highway][type!="route"][landuse!="forest"][!boundary](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- relation[!highway][type!="route"][!boundary](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);
- );
- // print results
- out center;
- ---
- 註: 淡江大學之範圍為 25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455
- */
- String query = String.join("\n",
- "[out:json][timeout:25];",
- "(",
- // "node[amenity][amenity!=bench](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- // "node[shop](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- "node[tourism](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- // "node[office](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- // "node[emergency](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- // "relation[amenity='university'](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- // "way[!highway][type!='route'][landuse!='forest'][!boundary](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- "relation[!highway][type!='route'][!boundary](25.1735, 121.446, 25.1775, 121.455);",
- ");",
- "out center;");
-
- System.out.println(query);
- return query;
- }
-
- public static void asyncRequest(OverpassService apiClient, String request)
- {
- //Call
call = service.interpreter(query); apiClient.interpreter(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) { if(response.isSuccessful()==false) { System.out.println("asyncRequest: response.isSuccessful(): false"); System.out.println(response.errorBody()); return; } OverpassQueryResult result = response.body(); postProcess(result); } public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable t) { // DO failure handling System.out.println("onFailure"); System.out.println(t.getLocalizedMessage()); } }); System.out.println("end of asyncRequest()"); } public static OverpassQueryResult syncRequest(OverpassService apiClient, String request) { OverpassQueryResult result = null; Call callSync = apiClient.interpreter(request); try { Response response = callSync.execute(); //OverpassQueryResult apiResponse = response.body(); //API response System.out.println(response); result = response.body(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("end of syncRequest()"); return result; } public static void postProcess(OverpassQueryResult result) { if(result==null) return; // DO success handling StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); System.out.println(result.elements.size() + " elements..."); int count = 1; for (Element p : result.elements) { sb.append(count); count++; sb.append(String.format(". id:%s, type:%s, lat:%s, lon:%s", p.id, p.type, p.lat, p.lon)); Tags tags = p.tags; for (Field f : tags.getClass().getFields()) { f.setAccessible(true); try { if (f.get(tags) != null) { sb.append(String.format(", %s:%s", f.getName(), f.get(tags))); } } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { // shouldn't happen because I used setAccessible } } //if(p.tags. != null) // sb.append(String.format("tags:%s", p.tags.name)); sb.append("\n"); } System.out.println(sb.toString()); } public static void main(String args[]) { // 建立服務連線客戶端及請求內容 OverpassService requestClient = OverpassServiceProvider.get(); String request = composeRequest(); // 非同步請求 asyncRequest(requestClient, request); // 同步請求 OverpassQueryResult result = syncRequest(requestClient, request); postProcess(result); System.out.println("end of main()"); } }
2021年8月27日 星期五
how to query OSM data in Java?
2021年8月17日 星期二
tips on installation of xrdp for remote desktop connection to linux machines
大家都知道,Linux桌面跑的是X Windows視窗系統。微軟Windows如果想要連上Linux桌面,一種作法是本身主機消耗硬碟,裝上X Windows伺服軟體VcXsrv,甚至加上微軟應用商店的免費Linux作業系統,例如Ubuntu,此作法步驟可詳Lainme's Blog。另一種作法是遠方Linux主機安裝tightvnc server及xrdp套件,微軟Windows只要沿用原來的遠端桌面連線(mstsc.exe),即可使用rdp協定,連上Linux桌面。後者作法,剪貼簿可用,聲音則待個別測試。以下將依據Linux作業系統為 Ubuntu 或 CentOS,分別介紹其安裝訣竅。
A. Ubuntu 安裝 xrdp 作法
-- 先去除舊套件干擾 sudo apt-get remove xrdp tightvncserver # 只刪執行檔 sudo apt-get purge xrdp tightvncserver # 刪除執行檔及相關組態檔 sudo dpkg --purge xrdp tightvncserver # 刪除執行檔及相關組態檔 sudo dpkg -S /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh # 查檔案所屬套件 -- 安裝tightvncserver及xrdp套件 sudo apt-get install tightvncserver # 一定要先安裝此視窗套件 sudo apt-get install xrdp # 然後安裝此傳輸套件,才會順利偵測運用視窗套件 sudo vi /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh # 加入管理視窗指令 xfce4-session # 若未安裝,可使用apt-get install xfce4-session -- 啟動服務 sudo service xrdp status # 詢問xrdp服務狀態 sudo service xrdp start # 啟動xrdp服務 註: 若連線過程,顯示詢息,缺rsakeys.ini金鑰,可如下產生金鑰 cd /etc/xrdp sudo xrdp-keygen xrdp # generate /etc/xrdp/rsakeys.ini -- 測試連線 sudo netstat -tulpn # 觀看是否3389及3350連接埠有監聽服務 -- rdp連線過程,適用於 Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS (1) xrdp (3389) # 選擇 sesman-Xvnc 模式 (2) xrdp-sesman (3350,root) (3) xrdp-chansrv # 執行 /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh 及 xfce4-session (4) Xvnc (59xx) -- rdp連線過程,適用於 Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS (1) xrdp (3389) # 選擇 Xorg 模式 (2) xrdp-sesman (3350,root) (3) xrdp-chansrv # 執行 /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh 及 xfce4-session (4) Xorg 註: xrdp安裝apt-get內建版本即可,不須安裝 https://github.com/neutrinolabs/xrdp.gitB. CentOS 安裝 xrdp 作法
-- 安裝tightvnc-server及xrdp套件 sudo yum erase xrdp tightvnc tightvnc-server sudo yum install tightvnc-server # 要先裝tightvnc-server sudo yum install xrdp # 再裝xrdp -- sudo repoquery -l xrdp # 查套件安裝哪些檔案 sudo rpm -ql /usr/bin/Xvnc # 查檔案所屬套件 -- cat /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh # 確認系統裝有如下任一種視窗管理程式 SESSIONS="gnome-session blackbox fluxbox startxfce4 startkde xterm" -- 啟動服務 sudo service xrdp status # 詢問xrdp服務狀態 sudo service xrdp start # 啟動xrdp服務 -- 測試連線 sudo netstat -antup | grep xrdp # 觀看是否3389及3350連接埠有監聽服務 註: 若連線過程,顯示訊息,缺權限,可如下給予selinux權限 sudo chcon --type=bin_t /usr/sbin/xrdp sudo chcon --type=bin_t /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman -- rdp連線過程,適用於 CentOS 6.10 (1) xrdp (3389) # 選擇 sesman-Xvnc 模式 (2) xrdp-sesman (3350,root) (3) xrdp-chansrv # 執行 /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh 及 gnome-session (4) Xvnc (59xx) 註: 若為舊 CentOS-6,因自2020/11/30已不再提供維護更新,故須更新repo來源,如下: sudo rm CentOS-SCLo-scl* sudo curl https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo sudo curl https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-epel-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repocurl \ https://www.getpagespeed.com/files/centos6-epel-eol.repo --output /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo sudo yum update # 更新到6.10版 參考: 阿吉的部落格: 使用 xrdp 遠端登入 Linux (Gentoo)
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