how to set up NetBeans environment for JavaFX applications

JavaFX 為 Java 繼 Awt, Swing 之後推出的第 3 代圖形介面 (GUI) 套件，多了場景建立器 (Scene Builder)，排版配置檔 CSS 等支援能力。 利用 NetBeans 整合開發環境 (IDE) 撰寫 JavaFX 應用時，常遇到開發環境如何建立的問題。很容易會遇到如下錯誤:

   Error occurred during initialization of boot layer
   java.lang.module.FindException: Module javafx.controls not found
或
   java.lang.module.FindException: Module javafx.fxml not found

以下整理幾點 NetBeans 整合 JavaFX SDK，SceneBuilder 場景建立器，詳查 Build 腳本的方法，供除錯參考。

✅ NetBeans 整合 JavaFX SDK 方法
     Project Properties
       Libraries/
           Java Platform: JDK xx (Default)
           Compile/Compile-time Libraries:
               Classpath: JavaFX yy
           Run/Run-time Libraries:
               Modulepath: JavaFX yy

       Run/
           Configuration: <default config>
           VM Options:
               --add-modules javafx.controls,javafx.fxml,javafx.media
         
✅ NetBeans 整合 SceneBuilder 方法
     Tools/Options/Java/JavaFX
        JavaFX Scene Builder Integration
          Scene Builder Home: C:\Users\zz\AppData\Local\SceneBuilder
    
✅ NetBeans除錯想看Build執行腳本內容
     Tools/Options/Java/Ant:
        Ant Home: ...
        [v] Always Show Output

     Verbosity Level: Quiet/Normal/[Verbose]/Debug

    即可觀看Ant Target (build.xml) Output

註1: 建立 JavaFX 開發環境所須安裝套件如下
1.OpenJDK
  https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-tw/java/openjdk/download
    microsoft-jdk-21.0.5-windows-x64.msi (不含JavaFX)
    microsoft-jdk-21.0.5-macos-aarch64.pkg
  https://www.azul.com/downloads/?package=jdk-fx#zulu
    zulu21.38.21-ca-fx-jdk21.0.5-win_x64.msi (含JavaFX)

2.NetBeans
  https://netbeans.apache.org/download/index.html
    Apache-NetBeans-22-bin-windows-x64.exe
    Apache-NetBeans-22.pkg

3.SceneBuilder
  https://gluonhq.com/products/scene-builder/
    SceneBuilder-23.0.1.msi
    SceneBuilder-23.0.1-aarch64.dmg

4.JavaFX SDK
  https://gluonhq.com/products/javafx/
    openjfx-17.0.13_windows-x64_bin-sdk.zip
    openjfx-17.0.13_osx-aarch64_bin-sdk.zip
    
    
註2: NetBeans 要看到 Scene Builder Home，須要安裝且啟動(Activate)如下任一插件
     Tools/Plugins:
       JavaFX 2
       或
       JavaFX Implementation for Windows

     安裝之後，針對專案 .fxml 按右鍵，才會看到如下選項
       Open 連動開啟場景建立器畫面
       Edit 開啟.fxml文字畫面
       Make Controller 產生 .fxml 中 fx:controller 屬性指定的控制器.java類別檔

註3: NetBeans 要能看到 JavaFX yy 類別庫，須設定
     Tools/Libraries/Libraries:
       Library Name: JavaFX yy
       Classpath/Add JAR/Folder...:
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx-swt.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.base.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.controls.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.fxml.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.graphics.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.media.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.swing.jar    
         ...\javafx-sdk-yy\lib\javafx.web.jar    

註4: NetBeans 要能點選原始碼類別，按右鍵點選
       Show Javadoc (Alt-F1) 看到類別 註解說明，須設定
     Tools/Libraries/Libraries:
       Library Name: JavaFX yy
       Javadoc/Add URL...: https://docs.oracle.com/javafx/2/api/

註5: NetBeans 要能點選原始碼類別，按右鍵點選 
       Navigate> Go to Source (Ctrl-Shift-B) 看到類別 原始碼，須設定
     Tools/Libraries/Libraries:
       Library Name: JavaFX yy
       Sources/Add JAR/Folder...: ...\javafx-sdk-yy\src.zip