docker command line summary
image: a read-only file system consisting of a base layer and a series of difference layers
container: a writable file system consisting of an image and a top writable layer with network and volume hooks
Note:
- an image has id, name, tag, read-only_layers, entrypoint, and cmd
- a container has id, name, source_image, writable_layer, overwrite_cmd,
cpu_limit, memory_limit, volume_hook, network_hook, and state (active/un-active)
what docker can do with images in a local image store
-- creation --
- import/export with docker hub
search in a docker hub (docker search)
pull from a docker hub (docker pull)
push to a docker hub (docker push)
- import/export with local filesystem
load from a local file (docker load)
save to a local file (docker save)
- born from scratch
commit an un-active container to create an image (docker commit)
build an image with Dockerfile instructions (docker build)
-- management --
list (docker images)
remove (docker rmi)
what docker can do with containers in a local container store
-- creation --
create an un-active container from an image (docker create)
run from an image with an overwrite command (docker run)
execute a command (docker exec)
-- management
stop an active container with a grace period (docker stop)
kill an active container (docker kill)
start an un-active container (docker start)
restart an active container (docker restart =
docker stop + docker start)
-
copy with local filesystem (docker cp)
-
attach the console to a container (docker attach)
-
commit an un-active container to create an image (docker commit)
-
list (docker ps [-a])
remove (docker rm [-f])
Note:
- an image runs a new container with an overwrite command
= an image creates a new container + the container starts with an overwrite command
- a container is created when docker creates from an image or runs from an image with an overwrite command
- an image is created when docker commits a container or builds from a base image and a Dockerfile
#
#
# image operation
#
#
#### search for an image
docker search image_keyword
#### download an image
docker pull [registry.hub.docker.com/]image_path[:tag]
#### list images in local drive
docker images [image_path]
#### create new images
1.docker commit -m "submit message" -a "submit user" container_id image_path[:tag]
$ vi ./Dockerfile
# This is a comment
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER Docker Newbee <newbee docker.com="">
RUN apt-get -qq update
RUN apt-get -qqy install ruby ruby-dev
RUN gem install sinatra
# put my local web site in myApp folder to /var/www
ADD myApp /var/www
# expose httpd port
EXPOSE 80
# the command to run
CMD ["/usr/sbin/apachectl", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]
2.docker build -t="image_path:tag" .
3.cat ubuntu-14.04-x86_64-minimal.tar.gz | docker import - ubuntu:14.04
4.docker tag container_id image_path:new_tag
#### upload an image
docker push image_path # all tags
#### save and load an image as local file
docker save -o ubuntu_14.04.tar ubuntu:14.04
docker load --input ubuntu_14.04.tar
docker load < ubuntu_14.04.tar
#### remove a local image
docker rmi image_path
#
#
# container operation
#
#
#### start and run a container with an image
docker run [-name container_name] ubuntu:14.04 /bin/echo 'Hello world'
docker run -t -i ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash ### start a container in interactive mode
docker start ubuntu:14.04
docker run -d ubuntu:14.04 /bin/sh -c "while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
docker ps [-a] ### list containers, [all, inclusive of un-active containers]
docker logs insane_babbage
#### start and stop container
docker restart
docker stop
docker run -idt ubuntu
docker attach container_name
#### start a shell in a container, detach from it, and re-attach to it
docker exec -it container_name /bin/bash
# use Ctrl-p + Ctrl-q to detach from the container
docker attach container_name
#### import and export container
docker export container_id > snapshot.tar
cat snapshot.tar | docker import - image_path[:tag]
docker import snapshot_url image_path
#### remove container
docker rm container_name
docker rm $(docker ps -aq) ## remove all exited containers
References:
1.《Docker —— 從入門到實踐》Run命令
2.How to use Docker without sudo on Ubuntu
# grant docker permission to specific user 'foobar'
> sudo setfacl -m user:foobar:rw /var/run/docker.sock
> getfacl /var/run/docker.sock
getfacl: 從絕對路徑名尾部去除"/"字符
# file: var/run/docker.sock
# owner: root
# group: docker
user::rw-
user:foobar:rw-
group::rw-
mask::rw-
other::---
3.Prepare docker.service.d/override.conf for the systemd drop-in service
> sudo systemctl edit docker
[Service]
ExecStartPost=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/setfacl -m user:foobar:rw /var/run/docker.sock'
> sudo systemctl daemon-reexec # re-execute the systemd process
> sudo systemctl daemon-reload # reload the systemd manager configuration
> sudo systemctl restart docker # stop and start the docker service
4.Play With Docker provides an Alpine Linux 3.10 environment with docker and git ready for use
CPU: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2673 v4 @ 2.30GHz with 8 cores
Memory: 32GB
Drive: 64GB with 16GB used
Limit: Use of up to 5 nodes for up to 4 hours per session
